The following points highlight the three main types of serological reactions that occur in human body. The types are: 1. Neutralization 2. Precipitation 3. Agglutination. Serological Reaction: Type # 1. Neutralization: Neutralization is a type of serological reaction which occurs between a toxin and its antibody (antitoxin) or between a virus and its antiserum. The reaction is so named, because [...]
In this article we will discuss about cell-mediated immunity. While humoral immunity protects the body from extracellular pathogenic agents and soluble antigens like toxins, cell-mediated immunity is directed against intracellular pathogens. The infected body cells are recognized by the immune cells and are destroyed. Also, abnormal body cells, like cancer cells, are recognized as non-self due to the presence of [...]
In this article we will discuss about the autoimmune and immunodeficiency disorders. Autoimmune Disorders: (i) Autoimmunity: A fundamental property of the immune system is its ability to recognize the body's own cells and the antigens present in them as self-antigens. Under normal conditions, the immune system does not attack self-antigens. This ability — tolerance, develops while the immune cells like [...]