In this article we will discuss about the five main DNA repair mechanisms that are studied in eukaryotes. The mechanisms are: 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair 2. Dark or Excision Repair 3. Nucleotide Excision Repair 4. Mismatch Repair 5. Post-Replication Repair. Mechanism # 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair: This mechanism was discovered when bacteria that had been heavily irradiated with UV rays [...]
In this article we will discuss about: 1. Introduction to Ionising Radiation 2. Measuring Ionising Radiation 3. Effects. Introduction to Ionising Radiation: Due to their shorter wavelength, X-rays and gamma rays penetrate tissues deeper than visible and UV light. They can impart enough localised energy to absorbing tissue to ionize atoms and molecules. When a highly energetic wave moving at [...]
Various tests have been devised for detecting spontaneous mutations in a population. Some of them are: 1. Replica Plating 2. Mutation Rates in Maize Endosperm and Drosophila 3. Detection of Mutations in Micro-Organisms. Test # 1. Replica Plating: In 1946 Luria and Delbrueck noticed one of the first cases of spontaneous mutation in a bacterial population. When E. coli cells [...]